according to the text the world war 11 poster was an ideal agent for what
Afterwards the December 7, 1941, Japanese attack on the American naval armada at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, the U.S. was thrust into World War Ii (1939-45), and everyday life across the state was dramatically altered. Food, gas and clothing were rationed. Communities conducted scrap metal drives. To assist build the armaments necessary to win the state of war, women found employment as electricians, welders and riveters in defense plants. Japanese Americans had their rights as citizens stripped from them. People in the U.S. grew increasingly dependent on radio reports for news of the fighting overseas. And, while popular entertainment served to demonize the nation'south enemies, information technology also was viewed as an escapist outlet that allowed Americans cursory respites from war worries.
The Task of Winning the War
On December 7, 1941, the U.S. was thrust into World War 2 when Japan launched a surprise attack on the American naval fleet at Pearl Harbor. The following mean solar day, America and Slap-up Britain declared war on Japan. On December ten, Germany and Italy declared war on the U.South.
In the earliest days of America's participation in the state of war, panic gripped the country. If the Japanese war machine could successfully assault Hawaii and inflict impairment on the naval fleet and casualties amidst innocent civilians, many people wondered what was to prevent a like assault on the U.Southward. mainland, particularly along the Pacific declension.
This fear of attack translated into a ready credence past a bulk of Americans of the demand to sacrifice in order to achieve victory. During the spring of 1942, a rationing program was established that set limits on the amount of gas, food and clothing consumers could purchase. Families were issued ration stamps that were used to buy their allotment of everything from meat, sugar, fat, butter, vegetables and fruit to gas, tires, article of clothing and fuel oil. The The states Office of War Information released posters in which Americans were urged to "Do with less–and then they'll have enough" ("they" referred to U.S. troops). Meanwhile, individuals and communities conducted drives for the collection of flake metal, aluminum cans and safety, all of which were recycled and used to produce armaments. Individuals purchased U.Due south. state of war bonds to help pay for the high cost of armed conflict.
READ More: These World War II Propaganda Posters Rallied the Home Front
The Role of the American Worker
From the outset of the war, it was clear that enormous quantities of airplanes, tanks, warships, rifles and other armaments would be essential to beating America'southward aggressors. U.S. workers played a vital role in the production of such war-related materials. Many of these workers were women. Indeed, with tens of thousands of American men joining the armed forces and heading into training and into boxing, women began securing jobs as welders, electricians and riveters in defense plants. Until that fourth dimension, such positions had been strictly for men but.
A woman who toiled in the defense industry came to be known as a "Rosie the Riveter." The term was popularized in a vocal of the same proper noun that in 1942 became a striking for bandleader Kay Kyser (1905-85). Soon afterwards, Walter Pidgeon (1897-1984), a Hollywood leading man, traveled to the Willow Run shipping plant in Ypsilanti, Michigan, to brand a promotional film encouraging the sale of state of war bonds. I of the women employed at the factory, Rose Will Monroe (1920-97), was a riveter involved in the construction of B-24 and B-29 bombers. Monroe, a existent-life Rosie the Riveter, was recruited to appear in Pidgeon's film.
During the war years, the subtract in the availability of men in the work forcefulness also led to an upsurge in the number of women belongings non-war-related mill jobs. By the mid-1940s, the per centum of women in the American work strength had expanded from 25 percentage to 36 percent.
The Plight of Japanese Americans
Not all American citizens were allowed to retain their independence during World State of war Two. Just over two months after Pearl Harbor, U.Southward. President Franklin Roosevelt (1882-1945) signed into constabulary Executive Order 9066, which resulted in the removal from their communities and the subsequent imprisonment of all Americans of Japanese descent who resided on the West Coast.
Gyre to Go along
Executive Club 9066 was the offshoot of a combination of wartime panic and the belief on the part of some that anyone of Japanese ancestry, fifty-fifty those who were built-in in the U.S., was somehow capable of disloyalty and treachery. As a result of the order, nearly 120,000 Japanese Americans were dispatched to makeshift "relocation" camps.Despite the internment of their family members, young Japanese-American men fought bravely in Italian republic, France and Germany betwixt 1943 and 1945 equally members of the U.South. Army's 100th Battalion, 442nd Infantry. By the terminate of the war, the 100th had become the most decorated combat unit of measurement of its size in Army history.
Baseball and the Battlefield
In January 1942, Kenesaw Mount Landis (1866-1944), the national commissioner of baseball, wrote a letter to President Roosevelt in which he asked if professional baseball game should close down for the duration of the state of war. In what came to exist known equally the "green light" letter of the alphabet, Roosevelt responded that professional person baseball should continue operations, as it was expert for the country'southward collective morale and would serve as a needed diversion.
During the war, 95 percent of all professional baseball players who donned major league uniforms during the 1941 season were directly involved in the conflict. Future Hall of Famers Bob Feller (1918-), Hank Greenberg (1911-86), Joe DiMaggio (1914-99) and Ted Williams (1918-2002) exchanged their baseball jerseys for military machine fatigues. Feller, in fact, enlisted in the U.S. Navy one day after Pearl Harbor. Because baseball was depleted of so many able bodies, athletes who otherwise likely never would take fabricated the big leagues won spots on rosters. Ane of the more notable was Pete Gray (1915-2002), a one-armed outfielder who appeared in 77 games for the St. Louis Browns in 1945.
Not all those who served in the military were superstars. Elmer Gedeon (1917-44), an outfielder who appeared in five games for the 1939 Washington Senators, and Harry O'Neill (1917-45), a catcher who played in one game for the 1939 Philadelphia Athletics, were the two big leaguers who died in gainsay. Over 120 small-scale leaguers also were killed. Other players overcame debilitating wartime injuries. I was Bert Shepard (1920-2008), a minor league pitcher turned air strength fighter airplane pilot. In 1944, Shepard's right leg was amputated subsequently he was shot down over Germany. The post-obit yr, he pitched iii innings for the Washington Senators in a major league game.
READ MORE: See Photos of WWII Naval Cadets Training Like Pro Athletes
The Movies Go to State of war
Throughout World State of war Ii, American moviegoers were treated to a steady stream of war-related programming. The motion picture-going experience included a newsreel, which lasted approximately 10 minutes and was loaded with images and accounts of contempo battles, followed by an animated drawing. While many of these cartoons were entertainingly escapist, some comically caricatured the enemy. Among these titles were "Japoteurs" (1942) featuring Superman, "Der Fuehrer'south Face" (1943) starring Donald Duck, "Confessions of a Nutsy Spy" (1943) with Bugs Bunny, "Daffy the Commando" (1943) with Daffy Duck and "Tokyo Jokie-o" (1943). Documentaries such as the seven-function "Why We Fight" series, released between 1943 and 1945 and produced and directed by Academy Award-winning filmmaker Frank Capra (1897-1991), included Centrality propaganda footage and emphasized the necessity of America's involvement in the war, besides as the importance of Allied victory.
Every bit for the main program, movie theaters showed non-war-related dramas, comedies, mysteries and Westerns; withal, a significant segment of characteristic films dealt straight with the state of war. Scores of features spotlighted the trials of men in gainsay while demonizing the Nazis and Japanese who perpetuated the conflict. "Wake Island" (1942), "Guadalcanal Diary" (1943), "Bataan" (1943) and "Dorsum to Bataan" (1945) were a few of the titles that centered on specific battles. "Nazi Amanuensis" (1942), "Saboteur" (1942) and "They Came to Blow Up America" (1943) portrayed America's enemies every bit spies and terrorists. "So Proudly We Hail!" (1943) and "Cry 'Havoc'" (1943) recorded the heroics of women nurses and volunteers at faraway battlefronts. "Tender Comrade" (1943), "The Man Comedy" (1943) and "Since You lot Went Away" (1944) focused, respectively, on the trials of average American women, communities and families while exploring the very existent fearfulness that a loved i who went off to war might never return. The struggles of citizens in occupied countries were portrayed in such films every bit "Hangmen Also Die!" (1943) and "The Seventh Cantankerous" (1944).
Meanwhile, some of Hollywood'due south summit stars joined the military. Many appeared in government-produced training films and morale-boosting short subjects. Others participated direct in the fighting. Clark Gable (1901-60), the love, Academy Award-winning player, served as a tail-gunner with the U.S. Ground forces Air Corps and flew combat missions over Germany. James Stewart (1908-97), another every bit adored Oscar winner, had enlisted in the corps fifty-fifty before Pearl Harbor. He eventually became a B-24 combat airplane pilot and commander and likewise flew missions over Federal republic of germany.
Patriotic Music and Radio Reports from the Frontline
As the U.S. became immersed in the war, Americans listened to more patriotic or war-related music. Even before the country entered the war, such ditties as "The Last Fourth dimension I Saw Paris," which evoked nostalgia for a peaceful pre-state of war Paris, and "Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy," which charted a young soldier's military experiences, were extremely popular. Other songs with self-explanatory titles were "Praise the Lord and Pass the Armament," "Comin' In on a Fly and a Prayer" and "You're a Sap, Mr. Jap."
Radio was the primary source of news and entertainment for most American households during the state of war, and as the conflict progressed, people grew increasingly dependent on radio for updates on the fighting overseas. They were riveted by the frontline reports from such legendary journalists as Edward R. Murrow (1908-65). Meanwhile, large bands, nigh famously the orchestra headed by Glenn Miller (1904-44), and entertainers such as Bob Hope (1903-2003) performed before thousands at military bases. These programs were aired direct on the radio to listeners from Maine to California.
Dramatic radio programming increasingly featured state of war-related storylines. I of the nearly jarring was "Untitled" (1944), a production penned by writer Norman Corwin (1910-) and broadcast on the CBS radio network. "Untitled" traced the story of Hank Peters, a fictional American soldier who was killed in combat.
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Source: https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/us-home-front-during-world-war-ii
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